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Hovorodon maxillosum
Classification
Diagnostic Features of Larvae
- Mature larva. Form subcylindrical, very robust, slightly tapering posteriorly to abdominal segment 9. Head slightly depressed, slightly transverse. Genae very strongly shouldered, rugose, pitchy, and bearing a few pale setae. Mouthframe strongly sclerotized, rugose, broadly pitchy. Frons with a broad pitchy anterior margin comprising a heavily sclerotized ridge which is strongly crenulate and abruptly sloping; upper boundary with margin crenulate, keel-shaped, broadly notched medially and produced beyond lower boundary in two paramedian flanges; lower boundary with a pair of broadly triangular lobes projecting over each side of clypeus. Postcondylar carina distinct. Subfossal process large, acutely conical. Antenna 2-segmented; segment 2 obliquely truncate apically and bearing sensory pores and setae. Three pairs of ocelli present which are sometimes partly obscured by the sclerotization of gena. Mandible very robust, pitchy, shining, with basal half of outer face coarsely rugose and sparsely setose. Labrum oval, leathery, pale ferruginous, with long dense setae fringing the anterior margin. Gula extremely short, with sutures diverging to meet anterior portion of occipital foramen. Maxilla with palpal segment 3 slightly shorter than segment 2, stout and broadly rounded apically. Labial palpi with segment 2 about half length of segment 1, stout and broadly rounded apically. Prothorax moderately depressed, dorsally obliquely sloping anteriorly, about twice as broad as long; pronotum rectangular, delimited laterally by a pair of grooves; median cleavage line scarcely discernible except near base; coarsely rugose and bearing numerous scattered golden setae; postero-lateral angles each with an oblique broadly curved impression. Eusternum incompletely separated from presternum. Presternum with lateral areas each bearing a group of about six conical, ferruginous, teat-like tubercles which are pitchy apically. Mesonotum and metanotum smooth, almost glabrous. Abdomen with dorsal and ventral ampullae on segments 1-7; each dorsal ampulla with two distinct transverse furrows, feebly rugose and glabrous. Pleural discs present on segments 1-7, each distinct, radially wrinkled or striate around invagination. Segments 8 and 9 feebly rugose, the latter slightly extended, three or four times longer and bearing scattered fine pale setae. Anus trilobed, each lobe protuberant and very densely covered with fine pale pubescence (only conspicuous when viewed laterally). Legs 3-segmented, distinctly shorter than maxillary palpi, pale, setose; unguiculus attenuated, imbricately spinose. Spiracles with peritreme broadly oval, pale and slightly raised above general level of cuticle. Length up to 80 mm, maximum breadth (at prothorax) 23 mm.
Pupa. Head salient, not concealed from above by prothorax; vertex longitudinally strigose, with a deep median longitudinal impression on each side of which is a group or setose papillae. Mandibles extending anteriorly, long, very robust, micro-spiculate. Antennae filiform, thick, extending only as far as abdominal segment 2. Pronotum transversely rectangular, with sides parallel, slightly crenulate; disc transversely strigose and bearing scattered setose papillae. Mesonotum and metanotum with similar striae and papillae, the latter with a subconical protuberance near each anterior angle. Elytra and wings extending as far as abdominal segment 3. Abdomen with tergites rugose and bearing numerous scattered ferruginous spinules; gin-traps present on segments 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-6 and 6-7; each consisting of two transverse, subcarinate, labiate protuberances. Sternites with spinules less numerous. Legs with hind femora extending only as far as abdominal segment 3. Functional spiracles present on abdominal segments 1-6, the seventh and eighth pairs being partly closed and probably non-functional; peritreme narrowly oval, very thick. Length (excluding mandibles) up to 58 mm; maximum breadth 21 mm. Adapted from Duffy (1960).
Biology and Economic Importance
- Biology and economic importance for this taxon coming soon.
Selected References to Larvae Specimens
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