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Sophronica grisea
Classification
Diagnostic Features of Larvae
- Mature larva. Length up to 14 mm; maximum breadth (at prothorax) 2.4 mm. Head moderately depressed, slightly wider before middle, with sides constricted behind middle; antennal foramen closed behind. Mouthframe rather narrowly sclerotized, ferruginous; frons with a row of eight setiferous pores; six epistomal setae present. One pair of ocelli present, lens strongly protuberant; pigmented spot distinct. Hypostoma fiat, smooth, pale ferruginous; sutures fine, strongly curved, setiferous pores absent, gular region undefined. Antenna 2-segmented; segment 2 bearing a conical hyaline process. Maxillary palp 2-segmented; segment 2 subcylindrical, as long as segment 1. Labial palpi with segment 2 subcylindrical, as long as segment 1. Mentum distinct from submentum. Prothorax with posterior area of pronotum shining, glabrous and feebly longitudinally striate. Eusternum distinct, triangular, sparsely setose anteriorly; smooth and glabrous posteriorly. Abdomen with each dorsal ampulla bearing two transverse rows of shining, glabrous, moniliform tubercles. Tergite 9 bearing a pair of distinct spine-like urogomphi. Epipleurum strongly protuberant on last three segments only. Pleural tubercle without sclerotized pits and bearing at least three fine setae. Anus trilobed. Legs absent. Spiracles with peritreme round, rather thick, testaceous and bearing marginal chambers.
Pupa. Length up to 11.1 mm; maximum breadth 2.6 mm. Head with vertex visible from above and bearing a single seta opposite base of each antenna, where it is rather feebly excavated. Front with about eight to ten setae and clypeus bearing a row of six setae across base. Antennae extending almost as far as abdominal segment 2, where they are strongly recurved (antennae damaged in this specimen). Eyes feebly convex, glabrous. Mandibles each with a pair of fine setae near middle of outer face: Labrum semicircular, bearing a few minute setae. Pronotum without lateral tubercles; disc sparsely and finely setose on anterior half only. Mesonotum and metanotum bearing a few minute setae; scutellum slightly protuberant, glabrous; scutellar groove distinct, transversely striate. Elytra and wings extending as far as abdominal segment 4. Abdomen with tergites 1-7 each with a transverse group of a few; fine setae only (spines absent). Tergite 9 bearing a pair of very stout divergent urogomphi. Sternites sparsely setose. Legs with each femur bearing a transverse row of fine setae near apex; middle and hind femora non-tuberculate sub-basally; hind femora extending to between abdominal segments 2 and 3; all tibiae more or less at right angles to longitudinal axis of body. Functional spiracles present on abdominal segments 1-5; peritreme subcircular, thick, pale testaceous and very strongly raised above general level of cuticle. Adapted from Duffy (1957).
Biology and Economic Importance
- Members of this tribe are known from various host plant families. Species of this tribe are potentially invasive outside their native range.
Selected References to Larvae Specimens
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