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Molorchus umbellatarus
Classification
Diagnostic Features of Larvae
- Mature larva. Length up to 9 mm; maximum breadth (at prothorax) 2.1 mm. Form subcylindrical, moderately slender and tapering posteriorly. Head strongly transverse (maximum head-width 1.54 mm), widest just behind middle, testaceous, shining and moderately strongly sclerotized. Genae with numerous long, rather stout golden setae, which are curved backward. Mouthframe slightly rugose, heavily sclerotized, broadly ferruginous dorsally and bearing a few stout setae. Frons with a small pair of paramedian oval depressions near front margin, each bearing a short seta. Antenna minute, conical, three-segmented; second segment transverse and bearing ventrally a lanceolate supplementary process; apical segment elongate and equipped with one very long and two shorter setae. Mandible robust, shining, basal part reddish-brown, apical part pitchy. Labrum transversely oval, broadly rounded in front and bearing numerous stout setae. Ocelli absent. Hypostoma with anterior margin narrowly testaceous; sutures divergent, nearly straight. Gular sutures indistinct. Prothorax depressed, almost three times as broad as long. Pronotum rectangular, about twice as wide as long and with median cleavage line indistinct; anterior half smooth, testaceous and bearing a row of fine setae along front margin; posterior half milky white, glabrous, shining and confusedly rugose except at base, where the rugosity becomes longitudinal. Sternum very broad and narrow, rather coarsely granulate. Mesonotum and metanotum finely granulate, less shining than pronotum. Abdomen with dorsal ampullae very slightly bilobed, shining, finely rugose, granulate and with a posterior transverse and somewhat curved impression. Intersegmental skin finely and transversely rugose. Epipleura forming a protuberant ridge on last three segments. Hind margin of ninth abdominal tergite with numerous short brownish setae. Anal lobes compact, transversely oval and dome-shaped. Legs absent. Spiracles of abdomen with peritreme broadly oval, testaceous, feebly sclerotized and below general level of cuticle.
Pupa. Length 6.5-9.4 mm; maximum breadth 1.5 mm. Head triangular, with vertex, which is visible from above, smooth and glabrous; front smooth and with two groups of four setae. Antennae extending as far as fifth or sixth abdominal segment where they either terminate (in female), or are strongly recurved and crossed to terminate near lateral margins of third abdominal segment (in male). Eyes very strongly convex and with a single seta near mesal margin. Labrum triangular, glabrous. Pronotum with front margin strongly rounded, raised and about equal in width to hind margin, near which is a transverse impression; smooth, bearing five to seven groups of long, ferruginous setae, which are inclined forward. Mesonotum short, with two pairs of setae on disc; scutellum moderately protuberant, with a median depression. Metanotum elongate, with a few small scattered setae on disc; scutellar groove moderately distinct. Elytra very short, about half the length of wings; wings extending to fourth abdominal segment. Abdomen with tergites one and two, each with two groups of short setae; tergites three to six, each with a transverse row of very short spines (each with a fine basal seta). Seventh tergite tapering posteriorly and with four large blade-like spines, which are directed anteriorly. Eighth and ninth tergites with posterior margins fringed with long, fine, pale, setae. Sternites glabrous (except in female, where the paired tubercles on the tenth sternite each have a single seta). Pleura moderately protuberant, each with paired, fine setae. Legs with femora strongly clavate; hind femora extending as far as fifth abdominal segment and lying almost parallel Lo longitudinal axis of body. Functional spiracles present on first six abdominal segments, but a vestigial pair present on seventh; peritreme broadly oval, thin and raised above general level of cuticle. Adapted from Duffy (1953).
Biology and Economic Importance
- Biology unknown for members of this tribe. Species of this tribe are potentially invasive outside their native range.
Selected References to Larvae Specimens
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