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Cerambyx scopolii
Classification
Diagnostic Features of Larvae
- Mature larva. Length up to 50 mm; breadth (at prothorax) 7.5 mm. Form rather slender. Head narrower than prothorax, slightly transverse (maximum head-width 5.25 mm.), with sides slightly diverging posteriorly; testaceous, shining, rather strongly sclerotized and very sparsely setose. Genae rugose, ferruginous; temples with a well-marked, transverse carina immediately behind ocelli and a strongly raised, elongate-oval area at posterior end of sclerotized part; dorsal boundary of antennal foramen slightly raised, produced, dentate and pitchy. Front margin of head broadly ferruginous, becoming pitchy anteriorly, the pigmented band being at least as wide as length of labrum. Front margin of frons with upper boundary strongly marked and cariniform for each lateral third. Mouthframe entirely sclerotized beneath antennae. Antenna short; third segment elongate, cylindrical, about two and one-half times as long as its basal width; second segment with a conical supplementary process. Mandible with basal part pitchy red and feebly separated from black apical part, which is about two-thirds as wide as length of mandible. Labrum transversely oval, densely fringed with rather long, golden setae. Three ocelli present; closely set and arranged in a straight transverse row laterad and ventrad of antenna; ocellar lens rather large and convex; pigmented spot distinct. Hypostoma roughly triangular, smooth; front margin and sutures ferruginous. Gular sutures well defined, raised. Maxilla with lobe setose on inner margin; maxillary palp with third segment slightly shorter than second. Prothorax rather sparsely setose laterally; posterior part of pronotum very coarsely and longitudinally rugose. Abdomen with dorsal ampullae bearing four rows of large, flat, oval tubercles; ventral ampullae with two rows of similar tubercles. Anal lobes sparsely setose. Legs with unguiculus long, slender and imbricately spinose.
Pupa. Length 18-30 mm; maximum breadth 10.5 mm. Head with vertex not visible from above; elongate moderately rugose and glabrous. Antennae with basal segment rugose; extending (in female) as far as fifth abdominal segment, where they are strongly recurved to terminate near apical third of elytra. Eyes feebly convex, glabrous. Labrum quadrate, with sides converging apically and with a longitudinal median depression; glabrous. Pronotum elongate, with front margin as broad as hind margin and sides bearing a pair of tubercles; strongly rugose, with scattered conical papillae, which are each equipped with a fine apical seta. Mesonotum transversely rugose and glabrous; scutellum moderately protuberant. Metanotum glabrous and smooth, except for scutellar groove which is faintly transversely striate and bears two small conical protuberances near base. Elytra and wings extending as far as fourth abdominal segment. Abdomen with first tergite with a short stout spine near each lateral margin and several much smaller, scattered spines. Tergites two to six bearing a transverse group of short, stout spines (each with a longer basal seta) which arise from pale papillate bases. Seventh tergite elongate, with hind margin produced medially into a right angle; posterior half with numerous scattered spines. Eighth tergite less than half as long as seventh, with hind angles rounded and explanate; a few pale papillae present. Ninth tergite much smaller and glabrous; sides, which are longitudinally striate, produced posteriorly into two lobes. Sternites completely glabrous. Legs with hind femora with a stout, blunt tubercle near base, and extending to fifth abdominal segment. Functional spiracles present on first seven abdominal segments; peritreme narrowly oval, moderately thick and situated in an oval depression. Adapted from Duffy (1953).
Biology and Economic Importance
- Members of this tribe are known from various host plant families. Species of this tribe are potentially invasive outside their native range.
Selected References to Larvae Specimens
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