Brevipalpus californicus species group - species B
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Fig. 1. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female dorsum. |
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Fig. 2. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female dorsum. |
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Fig. 3. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female dorsum. |
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Fig. 4. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female prodorsum. |
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Fig. 5. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female prodorsum. |
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Fig. 6. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female anterior dorsal opisthosoma |
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Fig. 7. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female anterior dorsal opisthosoma. |
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Fig. 8. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female anterior dorsal opisthosoma. |
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Fig. 9. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female anterior dorsal opisthosoma. |
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Fig. 10. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female posterior dorsal opisthosoma. |
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Fig. 11. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female posterior dorsal opisthosoma. |
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Fig. 12. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female posterior venter. |
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Fig. 13. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female posterior venter. |
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Fig. 14. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female posterior venter. |
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Fig. 15. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female spermatheca and duct (indicated by arrows). |
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Fig. 16. Brevipalpus californicus group species B, female spermatheca indicated by arrow. |
Species group characters
B. californicus species group (sensu Baker & Tuttle 1987) = f2 present; tarsus II with 2 solenidia; palp 4-segmented with 3 distal setae; dorsal central setae (c1, d1, e1) different in shape to dorsal lateral setae (c3, d3, e3)
Characters
- opisthosomal setae f2 present (= 7 setae around opisthosomal margin) (Figs. 1, 3, 10, 11)
- tarsus II with 2 solenidia distally (one antiaxial, one paraxial)
- prodorsum cuticle entirely reticulate (Figs. 1-5) - reticulation usually weaker centrally, but cells usually closed (Figs. 2-4); occasionally cells fuse to form larger irregular cells (Figs. 1, 5)
- dorsal opisthosoma between c1-c1 and d1-d1 wrinkled (Fig. 6), with irregular shaped cells (Figs. 7, 8) or with weak reticulation (Fig. 9); cuticle between d1-d1 and e1-e1 wrinkled or irregularly folded (Figs. 1, 9); cuticle posterior e1-e1 irregularly folded (Figs. 1, 10) and may have a few short, weak chevrons (= V-shaped) to transverse folds (Figs. 2, 3, 11)
- ventral plate with medium to large rounded cells (Fig. 12), sometimes cells fused together to form larger cells (Figs. 13, 14)
- genital plate with large transversely elongate cells; often forming transverse bands (Figs. 12, 13, 14)
- spermatheca usually a long strong, relatively thick duct, beginning at genital opening between anal plates and genital plate, ending in a rounded vesicle with a crown of short finger-like projections along dorsal margin (Fig. 15)
- the spermathecal vesicle has a distinct clear "bubble" visible internally (Fig. 15); the vesicle is generally quite visible, and is often located near coxae IV (Figs. 15, 16)
- palp femur seta thin, tapered, lightly barbed
- palp tarsus with 3 setae
- trochanter III with 2 setae
Distribution based on confirmed specimens
Australia, Ecuador, Italy, Mexico, Nepal, Palestine, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, The Philippines, USA (MD)
Hosts based on confirmed specimens
Abies sp. (Pinaceae); Begonia sp. (Bignoniaceae); Chirimoya sp. (Annonaceae); Choisya ternata (Rutaceae); Citrus sp., C. aurantifolium, C. nobilis (Rutaceae); coconut Cocos nucifera (Arecaeae); Gardenia sp. (Rubiaceae); lemon (Rutaceae); orchids (Orchidaceae); tea Camellia sinensis (Theaceae)
Remarks
Note: Brevipalpus californicus sensu stricto is based on the type specimens of B. californicus.
Summary of differences between B. californicus s.s. and B. californicus species group species B & C:
Prodorsum
Bc s.s. smooth to wrinkled (rugose) centrally with large closed cells laterally, forming reticulation
Bc sp. B entirely reticulate, with large closed cells; central reticulation usually weak, but cells are usually closed; occasionally central cells fuse to form larger cells
Bc sp. C entirely reticulate, with even cells
Cuticle posterior to e1-e1
Bc s.s. with a few short, transverse to weak chevrons (= V-shaped folds)
Bc sp. B wrinkled, may have a few short, weak chevrons (= V-shaped) to transverse folds
Bc sp. C reticulate
Ventral plate
Bc s.s. with medium to small rounded-circular cells
Bc sp. B with medium to large rounded cells
Bc sp. C with medium rounded cells
Genital plate
Bc s.s. with transversely aligned elongate cells; sometimes forming transverse bands
Bc sp. B with transversely aligned elongate cells; sometimes forming transverse bands
Bc sp. C with medium rounded cells
