Dumasia

Taxonomy

Dumasia A.P. de Candolle Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 4: 96. Jan 1825.

Subfamily: Faboideae.
Phylogenetic Number: 3.10.42.
Tribe: Phaseoleae.
Subtribe: Glycininae.
Species Studied - Species in Genus: 4 studied; 8 in genus.

Description

Fruit: A legume; unilocular; 1.3–2.9 cm long; 0.7–0.8 cm wide; 0.4–0.5 cm thick; length less than twice as long as width to 2–9 times longer than wide; with persistent androecial sheath; with deciduous corolla; with persistent calyx; with calyx shorter than fruit; without orifice formed by curving of fruit or fruit segments; straight; not plicate; not twisted; asymmetrical, or symmetrical; moniliform; with both sutures parallelly curved; not inflated; compressed to terete; with beak (short); declined; with solid beak the same color and texture as fruit; short tapered at apex; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit; tapered at base; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit; with the apex and base uniform in texture; chartaceous; seed chambers externally visible; seed chambers with the raised seed chambers not torulose; margin constricted; margin constricted along both margins; margin without sulcus; margin plain, or embellished; margin with thickened sutural areas; wing(s) absent; nonstipitate; with all layers dehiscing; splitting along suture(s). Dehiscence of valves along both sutures; apical and down; active; with valves reflexing. Replum invisible. Epicarp dull; monochrome; dark brown to tan; with surface texture uniform; pubescent and indurate, or pubescent but soon deciduous; with hairs erect; with 1 type of pubescence; pilose, or sericeous; with pubescence golden; with pubescence uniformly distributed; with simple hairs; pliable; with hair bases plain; eglandular; without spines; smooth, or not smooth; veined; irregularly veined; not tuberculate; not exfoliating; without cracks; without embedded tissue, much thicker than epicarp, running from base to apex. Mesocarp present; thin; surface not veined; 1-layered; without balsamic vesicles; without reniform canals; solid; chartaceous. Endocarp present; visible; dull; opaque; monochrome; tan; smooth; without adhering pieces of testa; nonseptate; chartaceous; not exfoliating; remaining fused to mesocarp and epicarp; without wings; entire. Seed(s) 1–3; length parallel with fruit length; neither overlapping nor touching; in 1 series. Funiculus 0.5–0.7 mm long; of 1 length only; flattened; triangular. Aril present; dry; when dry rim-aril and tongue-aril, or rim-aril; entire; brown.

Seed: 6.5–7.5 mm long; 5–6.3 mm wide; 4.5–6 mm thick; not overgrown; not angular; symmetrical; elliptic, or ovate; terete; with surface smooth; without visible radicle and cotyledon lobes; with shallow hilar sinus; without umbo on seed faces; without medial ridge on each face. Cuticle not exfoliating; not inflated; not wrinkled. Testa present; without pieces of adhering epicarp; not adhering to endocarp; free from endocarp; glaucous; modified by a bloom; colored; monochrome; black to brown (dark); glabrous; smooth; coriaceous. Pleurogram absent. Pseudopleurogram absent. Fracture lines absent. Rim absent. Wing(s) absent. Raphe visible, or not visible; from hilum to near base of seed and terminating; not bifurcating; color of testa, or lighter than testa; black, or brown; recessed. Hilum present; partially concealed; concealed by aril; with faboid split; with the lips of the faboid split the same color as the rest of the hilum; larger than punctiform; 1–2.2 mm long; with curved outline; elliptic; marginal according to radicle tip; recessed; within rim; rim color of testa, or darker than testa. Lens discernible; 0.5–1 mm long; with margins straight; linear; not in groove of raphe; confluent with hilum; flush; same color as testa; black, or brown; within corona, or not within corona, halo, or rim; corona color darker than testa. Endosperm present; thin, or trace; not pluglike and not resembling tip of radicle; covering entire embryo, or restricted to region of embryo; adnate to testa, or embryo. Cotyledons smooth; both outer faces convex; both the same thickness; both more or less of equal length; not folded; margin entire 180 degrees from base of radicle; similar at apex; partially concealing radicle; split over radicle; without lobes; with the interface division terminating at base of radicle; with margin(s) recessed; with 1 margin recessed; recessed on same side as radicle; white, or tan; inner face concave; glabrous on inner face. Embryonic axis right angled; perpendicular to length of seed; without a joint evident between the radicle and the cotyledons. Radicle differentiated from cotyledon; triangular; lobe tip curved; oblique to cotyledons; centered between cotyledons; less than 1/2 length of cotyledons. Plumule rudimentary; glabrous.

Distribution

Africa and Asia.

Old World; Southwest Asia, Japan, Africa, Madagascar, India, Indochina, China, and Indonesia and the Philippines.

Tribal Notes

Tribe Phaseoleae

Bruneau et al. (1995) carried out cladistic analyses of tribe Phaseoleae using chloroplast DNA restriction site data. Their results indicated that the tribe is not monophyletic and that the tribal delimitations between Phaseoleae and Desmodieae (11) and between Phaseoleae and Millettieae (7) are problematic.