Vandasina

Taxonomy

Vandasina S. Rauschert Taxon 31: 559. 9 Aug 1982.

Subfamily: Faboideae.
Phylogenetic Number: 3.10.49.
Tribe: Phaseoleae.
Subtribe: Kennediinae.
Species Studied - Species in Genus: 1 studied; 1 in genus.

Description

Fruit: A legumelegume:
usually dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel that opens along two longitudinal sutures
; unilocular; 6–9.2 cm long; 1.5–2 cm wide; 2–9 times longer than wide; with deciduous androecial sheath; without orifice formed by curving of fruit or fruit segments; straight; not plicate; not twisted; asymmetrical; nearly linear; with both sutures parallelly curved; not inflated; compressed; without beak to with beak (short); declined; with solid beak the same color and texture as fruit; tapered at apex to short tapered at apex; oblique with longitudinal axis of fruit; tapered at base; aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit; with the apex and base uniform in texture; coriaceous; seed chambers externally invisible; margin not constricted; margin without sulcus; margin plain, or embellished; margin with slightly thickened sutural areas; wing(s) absent; nonstipitate; with all layers dehiscing; splitting along suture(s). Dehiscence of valves along both sutures; apical and down; active; with valves twisting. Replum invisible. Epicarp dull; monochrome; brown; with surface texture uniform; pubescent but soon deciduous; with hairs erect; with 1 type of pubescence; sericeous; with pubescence golden; with pubescence uniformly distributed; with simple hairs; pliable; with hair bases plain; eglandular; without spines; not smooth; with recessed features; not veined; not tuberculate; slitted obliquely; not exfoliating; with cracks; cracking oblique to fruit length; without embedded tissue, much thicker than epicarp, running from base to apex. Mesocarp present; thick; surface not veined; 1-layered; without balsamic vesicles; without fibers; without reniform canals; solid; ligneous. Endocarp present; visible; dull; opaque; mottled; tan; with mottling more or less uniform (dark); with brown overlay; spongy; without adhering pieces of testa; nonseptate; chartaceous; exfoliating in part; remaining fused to mesocarp and epicarp; without wings; entire. Seed(s) 4; length transverse to fruit length; neither overlapping nor touching; in 1 series. Funiculus 0.5–3 mm long; of 1 length only; thick; straight. Aril present; fleshy; when fleshy annular, or 2-lipped rim-aril (with lips fused, but narrower at fusion point); crenate; covering less than 1/2 of seed; with tongues (or flap) on lips of 2-lipped rim-aril; with 1 tongue or flap on 1 lip of 2-lipped rim-aril.

Seed: 10–12 mm long; 4.2–5.7 mm wide; 3.5–3.7 mm thick; not overgrown; not angular; asymmetrical; reniform to elliptic; terete to compressed (slightly); with surface smooth; without visible radicle and cotyledon lobes; without hilar sinus; without umbo on seed faces; without medial ridge on each face. Cuticle not exfoliating; not inflated; not wrinkled. Testa present; without pieces of adhering epicarp; not adhering to endocarp; free from endocarp; dull; not modified by a bloom; colored; monochrome; brown; glabrous; smooth; coriaceous. Pleurogram absent. Pseudopleurogram absent. Fracture lines absent. Rim absent. Wing(s) absent. Raphe not visible. Hilum present; partially concealed; concealed by aril; with faboid split; with the lips of the faboid split the same color as the rest of the hilum; larger than punctiform; 4.2–5 mm long; with curved outline; elliptic; marginal according to radicle tip; recessed; not within corona, halo, or rim. Lens discernible; 0.5–1.2 mm long; with margins straight; linear; not in groove of raphe; confluent with hilum; flush; similar color as testa; darker than testa; not within corona, halo, or rim, or within halo; halo color darker than testa. Endosperm present; thick; not pluglike and not resembling tip of radicle; covering entire embryo; adnate to testa, or embryo. Cotyledons not smooth; sulcate; both outer faces convex; both the same thickness; both more or less of equal length; not folded; margin entire 180 degrees from base of radicle; similar at apex; not concealing radicle; entire over radicle; without lobes; with the interface division terminating at base of radicle; without margins recessed; tan; inner face flat; glabrous on inner face. Embryonic axis oblique; oblique to length of seed; without a joint evident between the radicle and the cotyledons. Radicle differentiated from cotyledon; bulbose; lobe tip curved; oblique to cotyledons; centered between cotyledons; less than 1/2 length of cotyledons. Plumule rudimentary; glabrous.

Distribution

New Guinea and Australia (Queensland).

Old World; Indonesia and the Philippines, Australia, and New Guinea.

Generic Notes

The name Vandasia K. Domin, used by Lackey (1981), was rejected because it is a later homonym of Vandasia Velenovsky (Gasteromycetes), and Rauschert (1982) replaced it with Vandasina. Lackey noted that this genus is "a segregate of Hardenbergia (10.48) from which it differs by the larger keel." Only two fruits were studied.

Tribal Notes

Tribe Phaseoleae

Bruneau et al. (1995) carried out cladistic analyses of tribe Phaseoleae using chloroplast DNA restriction site data. Their results indicated that the tribe is not monophyletic and that the tribal delimitations between Phaseoleae and Desmodieae (11) and between Phaseoleae and Millettieae (7) are problematic.