Name and publication

Phytophthora caryae N.J. Brazee, X. Yang & C.X. Hong (2016)

Brazee NJ, Yang X, and Hong CX. 2016. Phytophthora caryae sp. nov., a new species recovered from streams and rivers in the eastern United States. Plant Pathology 66: 805–817.

Corresponding author: nbrazee@umass.edu

Nomenclature

from Brazee et al. (2016)

Mycobank

MB817838

Etymology

refers to Carya, the first host genus discovered

Typification

Type: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA collected in Deerfield, Massachusetts, baited with a rhododendron leaf from the Connecticut River, June 2013, N.J. Brazee; holotype ATCC TSD-54

Ex-type: NJB2013-AF-08, 67F4

Sequences for ex-type in original manuscript: isolate NJB2013-AF-08 ITS KJ631538, β-Tub KJ631572, TEF KU695515, COX1 KJ631586, Nadh1 KU695483

Ex-type in other collections

(ET) NJB2013-AF-08, 67F4 (Hong)

Molecular identification

Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)

Phytophthora caryae isolate NJB2013-AF-08 ITS rDNA KJ631538

Voucher sequences for Molecular Toolbox with seven genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Voucher sequences for Metabarcoding High-throughput Sequencing (HTS) Technologies [Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (MOTU)]

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Sequences with multiple genes for ex-type in other sources

• NCBI: Phytophthora caryae NJB2013-AF-08
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora caryae 
• BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora caryae (barcoding COI & ITS)

Position in multigenic phylogeny with 7 genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1)

Clade clade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
2c

Morphological identification

adapted from Brazee et al. (2016)

Cardinal temperatures

Minimum temparature to grow 10°C, optimum 22–25°C, maximum 35°C.

Conditions for growth and sporulation

Phytophthora caryae produce abundant sporangiasporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
after being submerged in 1.5% soil water extract for 15–20 h under light. Abundant gametangiagametangia:
part of hypha specialized for fusion in sexual reproduction (see antheridium and oogonium)
produced in cV8A after 7 days.

Asexual phase

SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
semipapillatesemipapillate:
pertaining to the production of shallow having papilla that are not well developed, shallow and less nipple-like than fully papillate structures
, sometimes bipapillate; persistentpersistent:
pertaining to sporangia that remain attached to the sporangiophore and do not separate or detach easily (cf. caducous)
; ovoidovoid:
egg-shaped, with the widest part at the base of the sporangium and the narrow part at the apex
, ellipsoidellipsoid:
refers to a solid body that forms an ellipse in the longitudinal plane and a circle in cross section; many fungal spores are ellipsoidal or elliptic
, obpyriformobpyriform:
inversely pear-shaped, i.e. with the widest part at the point of attachment (cf. pyriform)
and with distorted shapes including peanut-shaped (33–82.6 µm length x 20.3–47.7 µm width); originated in simple sympodial sporangiophoresporangiophore:
the hyphal strand on which the sporangium is formed; may be branched or unbranched to form compound sympodia or simple sympodia
; external proliferationexternal proliferation:
formation of a sporangium after a sporangiophore has emerged from beneath and external to an empty sporangium that has previously emitted its zoospores (cf. internal proliferation)
common. Hyphal swellings common, and chlamydosporeschlamydospores:
an asexual spore with a thickened inner wall that is delimited from the mycelium by a septum; may be terminal or intercalary, and survives for long periods in soil
absent.

Sexual phase

Homothallic. Oogonia smooth-walled, frequently with tapered basetapered base:
pertaining to the base of a sporangium or oogonium; funnel-shaped
(21.6–34.7 µm diam.); antheridiaantheridia:
the male gametangium; a multinucleate, swollen hyphal tip affixed firmly to the wall of the female gametangium (the oogonium)
paragynousparagynous:
pertaining to the sexual stage in which the antheridium is attached to the side of the oogonium (cf. amphigynous)
, globoseglobose:
having a rounded form resembling that of a sphere
to oval; oosporesoospores:
zygote or thick-walled spore that forms within the oogonium after fertilization by the antheridium; may be long-lived
predominantly pleroticplerotic:
pertaining to an oospore that fills the oogonium (cf. aplerotic)
(18.2–29.4 µm diam.) and sometimes slightly apleroticaplerotic:
pertaining to a mature oospore that does not fill the oogonium; i.e. there is room left between the oospore wall and oogonium wall (cf. plerotic)
.

Hosts and distribution

Distribution: North America (USA: MA, NC)
Substrate: isolated from water
Disease note: mildly pathogenic on Carya (Juglandaceae) in innoculation experiments
Hosts: Carya (Juglandaceae)

Retrieved January 29, 2018 from U.S. National Fungus Collections Nomenclature Database.

Additional references and links

 

• SMML USDA-ARS: Phytophthora caryae
• EPPO Global Database: Phytophthora caryae
• Forest Phytophthoras of the world: Phytophthora caryae
• CABI Digital Library: Phytophthora caryae
• Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Phytophthora caryae
• Index Fungorum (IF): Phytophthora caryae

 

 

• Google All Phytophthora caryae
• Google Images Phytophthora caryae
• Google Scholar Phytophthora caryae

 

Fact sheet author

Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory (PPCDL), United States of America.