Name and publication

Phytophthora fluvialis T. Jung & T.I. Burgess (2011)

Jung T, Burgess TI, Huberli D, Hardy GE StJ, and Stukely MJC. 2011. Phytophthora fluvialis. Persoonia 26: 146–147 (pg 147). In: Crous PW, Groenewald JZ, Shivas RG, Edwards J, Seifert KA. 2011. Fungal Planet Description Sheets: 69–91. Persoonia. 26: 108–156.

Nomenclature

from Jung et al. (2011)

Mycobank

MB561042

Etymology

named for the riparian ecosystems from which all isolates were recovered

Typification

Type: WESTERN AUSTRALIA, Moore River, baited from water in native bushland, Dec. 2009, D. Hüberli, holotype MURU 468 (dried culture on V8A in the Herbarium of Murdoch University, Western Australia)

Ex-type: CBS 129424 = MUCC 771

Sequences for ex-type in original manuscript: CBS 129424 = LSU JF951171, NADH JN547682, β-Tubulin JN547595. Strain DH086 = ITS rDNA JF701436, cox1 JF701442, HSP90 JF701439

Ex-type in other collections

(ET) CBS 129424, NRRL 64160, MUCC 771, DH086 (D. Hüberli),  WPC P19584, S&T BL 64 (Abad), 55B6 (Hong)

Molecular identification

Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)

Phytophthora fluvialis isolate CPHST BL 64 (= P19584 WPC) = ITS rDNA MG865491, COI MH136887

Voucher sequences for Molecular Toolbox with seven genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Voucher sequences for Metabarcoding High-throughput Sequencing (HTS) Technologies [Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (MOTU)]

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Sequences with multiple genes for ex-type in other sources

• NCBI: Phytophthora fluvialis CPHST BL 64 
• NCBI: Phytophthora fluvialis CBS 129424
• NCBI: Phytophthora fluvialis DH06
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora fluvialis CBS 129424
• BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora fluvialis (barcoding COI & ITS)

Position in multigenic phylogeny with 7 genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1)

Clade clade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
6b

Morphological identification

Colonies and cardinal temperatures

Colony colony:
assemblage of hyphae which usually develops form a single source and grows in a coordinated way
morphology is stellate to rosaceous on CA, V8A, and PDA. Minimum growth temperature 10°C, optimum 31.5°C, and maximum 38°C.

Conditions for growth and sporulation

SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
 are produced in water cultures (soil extract or river water) and not observed in solid media. OogoniaOogonia:
the female gametangium in which the oospore forms after fertilization by the antheridium
are not observed in single culture or when paired with tester strains.

Asexual phase

SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
 are nonpapillatenonpapillate:
pertaining to the production of a non-distinct, or inconspicuous, papilla at the distal end of the sporangium (cf. papillate and semipapillate)
, persistentpersistent:
pertaining to sporangia that remain attached to the sporangiophore and do not separate or detach easily (cf. caducous)
, broad ovoidovoid:
egg-shaped, with the widest part at the base of the sporangium and the narrow part at the apex
to elongated ovoidovoid:
egg-shaped, with the widest part at the base of the sporangium and the narrow part at the apex
with average dimensions of 53 ± 7.6 × 36.4 ± 6.1 μm (overall range 37–72 × 21–54 μm). Sporangiophores are simple and internal proliferationinternal proliferation:
internal proliferation occurs when the sporangiophore continues to grow through an empty sporangium
both nested and extended occurred in chains. Hyphal swellings are ellipsoidellipsoid:
refers to a solid body that forms an ellipse in the longitudinal plane and a circle in cross section; many fungal spores are ellipsoidal or elliptic
and non-catenulate. ChlamydosporesChlamydospores:
an asexual spore with a thickened inner wall that is delimited from the mycelium by a septum; may be terminal or intercalary, and survives for long periods in soil
 absent.

Sexual phase

Sterile in culture.

Most typical characters

Phytophthora fluvialis is in a species cluster with P. amnicola, P. litoralis, P. moyootj, and P. thermophila, all recovered from waterways in Western Australia. Among these species, it has the highest maximum temperature for growth.

Specimen(s) evaluated

Australia; Western Australia, Moore River, baited from water in native bushland, Dec. 2009, D. Hüberli, CBS 129424 = MUCC 771; MUCC 772; Badgingarra, 2007, VHS 17350

CPHST BL 64 = P19584 (WPC)

Hosts and distribution

Distribution: Western Australia
Substrate: isolated from water
Disease note: no pathogenicity trials have been conducted
Hosts: known only from water

Retrieved January 30, 2018 from U.S. National Fungus Collections Nomenclature Database.

Additional references and links

Crous PW, Groenewald JZ, Shivas RG, Edwards J, Seifert KA, Alfenas AC, Alfenas RF, Burgess TI, Carnegie AJ, Hardy GES, Hiscock N, Hüberli D, Jung T, Louis-Seize G, Okada G, Pereira OL, Stukely MJC, Wang W, White GP, Young AJ, McTaggart AR, Pascoe IG, Porter IJ, Quaedvlieg W. 2011. Fungal Planet description sheets: 69–91. Persoonia 26: 108–156.

Jung T, Stukely MJC, Hardy GE StJ, White D, Paap T, and Burgess TI. 2011. Multiple new Phytophthora species from ITS Cladeclade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
6 associated with natural ecosystems in Australia: evolutionary and ecological implications. Persoonia 26: 13–39.

Hüberli D, Hardy GE StJ, White D, Williams N, Burgess TI. 2013. Fishing for Phytophthora from Western Australia's waterways: a distribution and diversity survey. Australasian Plant Pathology 42: 251–260.

 

• SMML USDA-ARS: Phytophthora fluvialis
• EPPO Global Database: Phytophthora fluvialis
• Forest Phytophthoras of the world: Phytophthora fluvialis
• CABI Digital Library: Phytophthora fluvialis
• Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Phytophthora fluvialis
• Index Fungorum (IF): Phytophthora fluvialis

 

• Google All Phytophthora fluvialis
• Google Images Phytophthora fluvialis
• Google Scholar Phytophthora fluvialis

Fact sheet authors

Treena Burgess, Ph.D., Phytophthora Science and Management, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Australia

Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory (PPCDL), United States of America.