Name and publication

Phytophthora formosa T. Jung, M. Horta Jung, Scanu & Bakonyi (2017) 

Jung T, Jung MH, Scanu B, Seress D, Kovács GM, Maia C, Pérez-Sierra A, Chang T-T, Chandelier A, Heungens K, van Poucke K, Abad-Campos P, Léon M, Cacciola SO, and Bakonyi J. 2017. Six new Phytophthora species from ITS Cladeclade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
7a including two sexually functional heterothallicheterothallic:
pertaining to sexual reproduction in which conjugation is possible only through interaction of different thalli (i.e. different mating types) (cf. homothallic)
hybrid species detected in natural ecosystems in Taiwan. Persoonia 38: 100–135.

Corresponding author: trjung@ualg.pt, thomas.jung@mendelu.cz

Nomenclature

from Jung et al. (2017)

Mycobank

MB816568

Etymology

 refers to the origin of all known isolates in Taiwan (formosa Lat = the beautiful one; previous name of Taiwan)

Typification

Type: TAIWAN, Lenhuachih, isolated from rhizosphere soil of a mature Araucaria cunninghamii tree, T. Jung, 2013 (CBS H-22551 holotype, dried culture on V8A, Herbarium CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre)

Ex-type: CBS 141203 = TW107

Sequences for ex-type in original manuscript: Phytophthora formosa isolate TW107 = ITS KU517153, cox1 KU517147

Ex-type in other collections

(ET) CBS 141203, NRRL 64141, TW107, S&T BL 212 (Abad), 67C4 (Hong)

Molecular identification

Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)

Phytophthora formosa isolate TW107 ITS rDNA KU517153

Voucher sequences for Molecular Toolbox with seven genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Voucher sequences for Metabarcoding High-throughput Sequencing (HTS) Technologies [Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (MOTU)]

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Sequences with multiple genes for ex-type in other sources

• NCBI: Phytophthora formosa TW107 
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora formosa
• BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora formosa

Position in multigenic phylogeny with 7 genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1)

Clade clade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
7a

Morphological identification

adapted from Jung et al. (2017)

Colonies and cardinal temperatures

Colonies on V8A and PDA uniform and woolly, on MEA faintly dendroid with small-lobed margins. Optimum growth temperature 25°C, and maximum 30–35°C.

Conditions for growth and sporulation

Sporangia not observed on solid agar but were produced abundantly in non-sterile soil extract; gametangiagametangia:
part of hypha specialized for fusion in sexual reproduction (see antheridium and oogonium)
produced in single culture on V8A.

Asexual phase

SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
nonpapillatenonpapillate:
pertaining to the production of a non-distinct, or inconspicuous, papilla at the distal end of the sporangium (cf. papillate and semipapillate)
; persistentpersistent:
pertaining to sporangia that remain attached to the sporangiophore and do not separate or detach easily (cf. caducous)
; ovoidovoid:
egg-shaped, with the widest part at the base of the sporangium and the narrow part at the apex
, elongated, ellipsoidellipsoid:
refers to a solid body that forms an ellipse in the longitudinal plane and a circle in cross section; many fungal spores are ellipsoidal or elliptic
, obpyriformobpyriform:
inversely pear-shaped, i.e. with the widest part at the point of attachment (cf. pyriform)
, limoniform, subglobose, or rarely pyriformpyriform:
pear-shaped, with the narrowest part at the base (cf. obpyriform)
, obturbinate, or funnel-like; showing internally (nested) and extended proliferationextended proliferation:
a type of internal proliferation in which the sporangiophore originates from inside of an empty sporangium, and continues to grow through and out of the old sporangium
; originated on unbranched sporangiophores. Hyphal swellings absent. ChlamydosporesChlamydospores:
an asexual spore with a thickened inner wall that is delimited from the mycelium by a septum; may be terminal or intercalary, and survives for long periods in soil
absent.

Sexual phase

Homothallic. OogoniaOogonia:
the female gametangium in which the oospore forms after fertilization by the antheridium
smooth-walled, globoseglobose:
having a rounded form resembling that of a sphere
to subglobose or slightly eccentric often with a tapering base (27.1–50 μm diam.); antheridiaantheridia:
the male gametangium; a multinucleate, swollen hyphal tip affixed firmly to the wall of the female gametangium (the oogonium)
predominantly paragynousparagynous:
pertaining to the sexual stage in which the antheridium is attached to the side of the oogonium (cf. amphigynous)
, clavate, subglobose to cylindrical; oosporesoospores:
zygote or thick-walled spore that forms within the oogonium after fertilization by the antheridium; may be long-lived
pleroticplerotic:
pertaining to an oospore that fills the oogonium (cf. aplerotic)
, globoseglobose:
having a rounded form resembling that of a sphere
, and usually contain a large ooplast (22.4–42.5 μm diam.).

Hosts and distribution

Distribution: Asia (Taiwan)
Substrate: rhizosphere soil
Host: Araucaria cunninghamii (Araucariaceae), Quercus glandulifera (Fagaceae)

Retrieved January 30, 2018 from U.S. National Fungus Collections Nomenclature Database.

Additional references and links

 

• SMML USDA-ARS: Phytophthora formosa
• EPPO Global Database: Phytophthora formosa
• Forest Phytophthoras of the world: Phytophthora formosa
• CABI Digital Library: Phytophthora formosa
• Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Phytophthora formosa
• Index Fungorum (IF): Phytophthora formosa

 

• Google All Phytophthora formosa
• Google Images Phytophthora formosa
• Google Scholar Phytophthora formosa

Fact sheet author

Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory (PPCDL), United States of America.