Name and publication

Phytophthora procera T. Jung, T. Corcobado, S. Raghuwinder & I. Milenković (2022)

Jung T, Milenković I, Corcobado T. et al. 2022. Extensive morphological and behavioural diversity among fourteen new and seven described species in Phytophthora Clade clade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
10 and its evolutionary implications. Persoonia-Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 49: 1–57.

Corresponding authors: thomas.jung@mendelu.cz and dr.t.jung@gmail.com

Nomenclature

Mycobank

MB842944

Etymology

Name refers to the slender shape of many sporangiasporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
(procera Lat. = slender).

Typification

Type: USA, Louisiana, Archie, isolated from a naturally fallen leaf in a flooded swamp forest. March 2020, T. Corcobado & T. Májek, holotype HNHM-MYC-009704, dried culture on V8A, Herbarium of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary

Ex-type: culture CBS 149226 = NRRL 64144 = LU013

Sequences for ex-type in original manuscript:  LSU ON000673, ITS ON000767, β-tubulin OM975946, hsp90 OM976463, tigA OM974640, rpl10 OM97500, tef-1a OM984926, cox1 ON013833, ypt1 ON024983, nadh1 OM976942, rps10 OM976701

Ex-type in other collections

(ET) CBS 149226, NRRL 64144, LU013 

Molecular identification

Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)

Phytophthora procera ITS rDNA, COI

Voucher sequences for Molecular Toolbox with seven genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Voucher sequences for Metabarcoding High-throughput Sequencing (HTS) Technologies [Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (MOTU)]

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Sequences with multiple genes for ex-type in other sources

• NCBI: Phytophthora procera
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora procera
• BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora procera

Position in multigenic phylogeny with 7 genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1)

Clade clade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
10d

Morphological identification

Colonies and cardinal temperatures

Colony colony:
assemblage of hyphae which usually develops form a single source and grows in a coordinated way
morphology submerged and radiate on V8A, petaloid with limited aerial myceliummycelium:
mass of hyphae constituting the body, or thallus, of fungi and oomycetes; in <em>Phytophthora</em> species, mycelia is coenocytic
on CA, and dense-felty, rosaceous with submerged margins on PDA. Optimum growth temperature 25°C and maximum 32.5°C.

Conditions for growth and sporulation

SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
produced in non-sterile soil extract after 2–3d. OogoniaOogonia:
the female gametangium in which the oospore forms after fertilization by the antheridium
were not produced in paired cultures using several known tester strains.

Asexual phase

SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
were nonpapillatenonpapillate:
pertaining to the production of a non-distinct, or inconspicuous, papilla at the distal end of the sporangium (cf. papillate and semipapillate)
, persistentpersistent:
pertaining to sporangia that remain attached to the sporangiophore and do not separate or detach easily (cf. caducous)
, and predominantly ovoidovoid:
egg-shaped, with the widest part at the base of the sporangium and the narrow part at the apex
to elongated ovoidovoid:
egg-shaped, with the widest part at the base of the sporangium and the narrow part at the apex
and ellipsoidellipsoid:
refers to a solid body that forms an ellipse in the longitudinal plane and a circle in cross section; many fungal spores are ellipsoidal or elliptic
to elongated ellipsoidellipsoid:
refers to a solid body that forms an ellipse in the longitudinal plane and a circle in cross section; many fungal spores are ellipsoidal or elliptic
in shape. SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
averaged 60.2 x 25.2 µm (overall range 29.1–92.6 x 12.7–33.5 µm), proliferationproliferation:
formation of a sporangium within an empty sporangium that has previously emitted zoospores (internal or nested) or after the sporangiophore has emerged from the empty sporangium (external)
internal nested and extended. Sporangiophores unbranched. HyphaeHyphae:
single, tubular filament of a fungal or oomycete thallus; the basic structural unit of a fungus or oomycete
undulating; hyphal swellings rare. ChlamydosporesChlamydospores:
an asexual spore with a thickened inner wall&nbsp;that is delimited from the mycelium by a septum; may be terminal or intercalary, and survives for long periods in soil
absent.

Sexual phase

Sterile in culture.

Most typical characters

Resides in phylogenetic cladeclade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
10d, with two other species all recovered from fallen leaves in swamp forest, Louisiana, USA

Additional specimen(s) evaluated

USA, Louisiana, Archie, isolated from a naturally fallen leaf in a flooded swamp forest. March 2020, T. Corcobado & T. Májek, LU007, LU010, LU056.

Hosts and distribution

Distribution: USA
Substrate: fallen leaf
Disease note: no known disease
Host: no known host

Additional references and links

• SMML USDA-ARS: Phytophthora procera
• EPPO Global Database: Phytophthora procera
• Forest Phytophthoras of the world: Phytophthora procera
• CABI Digital Library: Phytophthora procera
• Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Phytophthora procera
• Index Fungorum (IF): Phytophthora procera

Fact sheet author

Treena Burgess, Ph.D., Phytophthora Science and Management, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Australia

Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory (PPCDL), United States of America.