Name and publication

Phytophthora tenuimura T. Jung, T. Corcobado, T. Májek & M. Ferreira, (2022)

Jung T, Milenković I, Corcobado T. et al. 2022. Extensive morphological and behavioural diversity among fourteen new and seven described species in Phytophthora Cladeclade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
10 and its evolutionary implications. Persoonia-Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 49: 1–57.

Corresponding authors: thomas.jung@mendelu.cz and dr.t.jung@gmail.com

Nomenclature

Mycobank

MB 842945

Etymology

Name refers to the thin oosporeoospore:
zygote or thick-walled spore that forms within the oogonium after fertilization by the antheridium; may be long-lived
walls (tenuis Lat. = thin; mura Lat. = wall).

Typification

Type: USA, Louisiana, Archie, isolated from a naturally fallen leaf in a flooded swamp forest. March 2020, T. Corcobado & T. Májek, holotype HNHM-MYC-009709, dried culture on V8A, Herbarium of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary

Ex-type: culture CBS 149227 = NRRL 64142 = LU052

Sequences for ex-type in original manuscript:  LSU ON000704, ITS ON000987, β-tubulin OM975977, hsp90 OM976494, tigA OM974671, rpl10 OM97531, tef-1a OM984957, enolase OM976588, cox1 ON013864, ypt1 ON024514, nadh1 OM976973, rps10 OM976732

Ex-type in other collections

(ET) CBS 149227, NRRL 64142,, LU052

Molecular identification

Voucher sequences for barcoding genes (ITS rDNA and COI) of the ex-type (see Molecular protocols page)

Phytophthora tenuimura ITS rDNA, COI

Voucher sequences for Molecular Toolbox with seven genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Voucher sequences for Metabarcoding High-throughput Sequencing (HTS) Technologies [Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (MOTU)]

(see Molecular protocols page) (In Progress)

Sequences with multiple genes for ex-type in other sources

• NCBI: Phytophthora tenuimura
• EPPO-Q-bank: Phytophthora tenuimura
• BOLDSYSTEMS: Phytophthora tenuimura

Position in multigenic phylogeny with 7 genes (ITS, β-tub, COI, EF1α, HSP90, L10, and YPT1)

Clade clade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
10d

Morphological identification

Colonies and cardinal temperatures

Colony colony:
assemblage of hyphae which usually develops form a single source and grows in a coordinated way
morphology with limited aerial myceliummycelium:
mass of hyphae constituting the body, or thallus, of fungi and oomycetes; in <em>Phytophthora</em> species, mycelia is coenocytic
on V8A and CA with a radiate pattern on V8A and a chrysanthemum pattern on CA; colonies on PDA were dense-felty and stoloniferous. Optimum growth temperature 27.5°C and maximum 30°C.

Conditions for growth and sporulation

SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
produced in non-sterile soil extract after 24–36h. OogoniaOogonia:
the female gametangium in which the oospore forms after fertilization by the antheridium
produced readily in single culture on V8A.

Asexual phase

SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
were nonpapillatenonpapillate:
pertaining to the production of a non-distinct, or inconspicuous, papilla at the distal end of the sporangium (cf. papillate and semipapillate)
, persistentpersistent:
pertaining to sporangia that remain attached to the sporangiophore and do not separate or detach easily (cf. caducous)
, and predominantly ovoidovoid:
egg-shaped, with the widest part at the base of the sporangium and the narrow part at the apex
to elongated ovoidovoid:
egg-shaped, with the widest part at the base of the sporangium and the narrow part at the apex
and ellipsoidellipsoid:
refers to a solid body that forms an ellipse in the longitudinal plane and a circle in cross section; many fungal spores are ellipsoidal or elliptic
to elongated ellipsoidellipsoid:
refers to a solid body that forms an ellipse in the longitudinal plane and a circle in cross section; many fungal spores are ellipsoidal or elliptic
in shape. SporangiaSporangia:
sac within which zoospores form, especially when water is cooled to about 10°C below ambient temperature; in solid substrates, sporangia usually germinate by germ tubes
averaged 47.5 x 25.0 µm (overall range 30.6–84.9 x 15.6–30.4 µm), proliferationproliferation:
formation of a sporangium within an empty sporangium that has previously emitted zoospores (internal or nested) or after the sporangiophore has emerged from the empty sporangium (external)
internal, nested, and extended. Sporangiophores unbranched. HyphaeHyphae:
single, tubular filament of a fungal or oomycete thallus; the basic structural unit of a fungus or oomycete
undulating; hyphal swellings absent.ChlamydosporesChlamydospores:
an asexual spore with a thickened inner wall&nbsp;that is delimited from the mycelium by a septum; may be terminal or intercalary, and survives for long periods in soil
absent.

Sexual phase

Homothallic. OogoniaOogonia:
the female gametangium in which the oospore forms after fertilization by the antheridium
smooth or wavy walls, 61–61 µm. OosporesOospores:
zygote or thick-walled spore that forms within the oogonium after fertilization by the antheridium; may be long-lived
pleroticplerotic:
pertaining to an oospore that fills the oogonium (cf. aplerotic)
, thin-walled, size ranged 24–54 µm. AntheridiaAntheridia:
the male gametangium; a multinucleate, swollen hyphal tip affixed firmly to the wall of the female gametangium (the oogonium)
paragynousparagynous:
pertaining to the sexual stage in which the antheridium is attached to the side of the oogonium (cf. amphigynous)
.

Most typical characters

Resides in phylogenetic cladeclade:
a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features traced to a common ancestor
10d, with two other species all recovered from fallen leaves in swamp forest, Louisiana, USA. Unlike P. procera and P. ludoviciana, P. tenuimura produces oosporesoospores:
zygote or thick-walled spore that forms within the oogonium after fertilization by the antheridium; may be long-lived
in culture.

Additional specimen(s) evaluated

USA, Louisiana, Archie, isolated from a naturally fallen leaf in a flooded swamp forest. March 2020, T. Corcobado & T. Májek, LU050, LU051, LU065, LU066, LU073, LU074

Hosts and distribution

Distribution: USA
Substrate: fallen leaf
Disease note: no known disease
Host: no known host

Additional references and links

• SMML USDA-ARS: Phytophthora tenuimura
• EPPO Global Database: Phytophthora tenuimura
• Forest Phytophthoras of the world: Phytophthora tenuimura
• CABI Digital Library: Phytophthora tenuimura
• Encyclopedia of Life (EOL): Phytophthora tenuimura
• Index Fungorum (IF): Phytophthora tenuimura

Fact sheet author

Treena Burgess, Ph.D., Phytophthora Science and Management, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Australia

Z. Gloria Abad, Ph.D., USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory (PPCDL), United States of America.