Archips fuscocupreanus

Status

ADVENTIVE

PORT INTERCEPT | DOMESTIC SURVEY

Taxonomy

Archips fuscocupreanus Walsingham (Tortricidae: Tortricinae: Archipini)

Common names: apple tortrix

Synonyms: ishidaii (Loxotaenia), punicae (Cacoecia), rosaceana (Archips)

Adult Recognition

FWL: 7.0–9.5 mm (male); 8.0–12.5 mm (female)

Forewing color is dull brown with dark-brown to reddish-brown markings. Pattern expression can vary between individuals, but the median fascia is complete from costa to dorsum. Hindwings are brownish gray. Males have a forewing costal fold.

Male genitalia are characterized by a spatulate uncus; absent socii; and broad, subrectangular valvae. Female genitalia are characterized by a long, straight ductus bursae with cestum present; and short, hook-like signum present in the corpus bursae.

Larval Morphology

The following account is summarized from Bradley et al. (1973)Bradley et al. (1973):
Bradley, J. D., Tremewan, W. G., Smith, A. 1973. British Tortricoid Moths, Cochylidae and Tortricidae: Tortricinae. The Ray Society, London. 251 pp..

Late instar larvae are approximately 22 mm in length. The abdomen is pale green to grayish green with dark dorsal and lateral lines and conspicuous pale pinacula. The head is orange or brownish orange. The prothoracic shield is brownish orange with black posterolateral margins. The thoracic legs and thoracic pinacula are black.

Similar Species

Some individuals of Archips fuscocupreanus resemble A. xylosteana, but the two species can be separated by the broader costal fold and continuous median fasica (from costa to dorsum) in A. fuscocupreanus.

Other Archips species, including A. crataegana, A. grisea, and forms of A. podana and A. rosana, can appear similar to A. fuscocupreanus. A genitalic dissection can be used to confirm identity.

Distribution

A native of East Asia, Archips fuscocupreanus has been introduced to the northeastern United States (Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Rhode Island) and the Pacific Northwest (Washington).

Biology

The following account is summarized from Maier (2003).

Archips fuscocupreanus completes one generation per year, with adults present in mid June through mid July in the northeastern United States.

Females lay black egg masses on the trunks and limbs of trees. The eggs overwinter, and first instar larvae hatch the following spring. Early instars feed on young leaves. Later instars construct a shelter by webbing together leaves and consume leaves, flowers, and occasionally fruit. Pupation occurs in webbed leaves.

Larvae of A. fuscocupreanus are highly polyphagous and have been recorded feeding on plants in more than 23 families. Many larval hosts are in the Rosaceae, and A. fuscocupreanus is an important pest of apple (Malus sp.) in East Asia. A partial host list is presented below; Maier (2003)Maier (2003):
Maier, C. T. 2003. Distribution, hosts, abundance, and seasonal flight activity of the exotic leafroller, Archips fuscocupreanus Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in the northeastern United States. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 96: 660-666. provides a list of other minor hosts found in the northeastern United States.

Plant Associations

View full screen host table here

Links

Additional photos and distribution map in North America available at Moth Photographers Group.