Pandemis cerasana

Status

ADVENTIVE

PORT INTERCEPT | DOMESTIC SURVEY

Taxonomy

Pandemis cerasana (Hübner) (Tortricidae: Tortricinae: Archipini)

Common names: barred fruit-tree tortrix

Synonyms: balticola (ab.), grossulariana (Lozotaenia), obscura (ab.), ribeana (Tortrix), transiens (var.)

Adult Recognition

FWL: 8.0–12.0 mm

Adults are straw to light brown with fasciate markings and grayish-brown hindwings. Male lack a forewing costal fold and antennal notch.

Male genitalia are characterized by a spatulate uncus, semicircular valvae, and a pistol-shaped phallus. Female genitalia are characterized by a ductus bursae with a sclerotized portion near the ostium and a dagger-like signum with a large basal plate in the corpus bursae.

Larval Morphology

The following account is summarized from Swatschek (1958)Swatschek (1958):
Swatschek, B. 1958. Die larval systematik der wickler (Tortricidae und Carposinidae) aus dem zoologischen Institut der Universitat Erlangen. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin. 269 pp. [Abhandlungen zur larvalsystematik Insekten 3.].

Mature larva approximately 20 mm in length; head, prothoracic shield light green to yellowish green with black posterolateral markings; body entirely green and unmarked with moderately large pinacula and long setae; spiracles on the prothorax and eighth abdominal segment 2–3 times the diameter of other abdominal spiracles; anal fork present with 6–8 teeth.

Similar Species

Pandemis cerasana can be separated from other Pandemis included on this site by the grayish-brown hindwings and dark scales on the second abdominal sternite in the male.

The following table lists a combination of wing color and geographic distribution that can be used to identify many Pandemis individuals collected in the United States.

Species	Forewing color	Hindwing color	Sex scales on male 2nd abd. segment	Distribution
canadana	medium to dark brown	all gray	present	Maine, Colorado, Wyoming, Southern Canada
cerasana	straw to light brown	grayish brown	present	Pacific Northwest, British Columbia; Europe and Asia
heparana	medium brown	light to medium grayish brown	absent	Pacific Northwest; Northeastern U.S. and neighboring Canada; Europe and Asia
lamprosana	tan to light brown	white to light gray	absent	Eastern United States and neighboring Canada, south to Tennessee/North Carolina
limitata	straw to medium brown	gray and white	present	Eastern United States and neighboring Canada, generally absent in the United States west of the Rocky Mtns.
pyrusana	straw to medium brown	all white	present	Rocky Mtns. west to California, southern Alberta and British Columbia

 

MacKay (1962a)MacKay (1962a):
MacKay, M. R. 1962a. Larvae of the North American Tortricinae (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Canadian Entomologist, Supplement 28: 1-182. examined several species of Nearctic Pandemis and could find no species-specific larval characters. Diagnostic characters for the genus include: SD2 on A1–8 on same pinaculum as SD1; L1 and L2 anterior to spiracle on A2–8; SV group on A1,2,7,8,9 usually 3:3:3:2:2; D2s on A8 as far apart as D1s; D1 on A9 on its own pinaculum; anal setae very long; anal comb with 6–8 teeth.

Distribution

Pandemis cerasana is widely distributed in the Palearctic from Western Europe to Asia. In North America it has been introduced to the Pacific Northwest where it is known currently from British Columbia and Washington. The first North American records are from British Columbia in 1965 (Mutuura 1980Mutuura 1980:
Mutuura, A. 1980. Two Pandemis species introduced into British Columbia, with a comparison of native North American species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Canadian Entomologist. 112: 549-554.).

Biology

The following account is summarized from Bradley et al. (1973)Bradley et al. (1973):
Bradley, J. D., Tremewan, W. G., Smith, A. 1973. British Tortricoid Moths, Cochylidae and Tortricidae: Tortricinae. The Ray Society, London. 251 pp..

In Europe, Pandemis cerasana completes one or two generations per year. Adults are present June-July for the first generation and August-September for the second generation.

Females deposit eggs in masses on the upper surface of leaves or on branches. Some eggs hatch in late summer; others overwinter and larvae emerge the following spring. Larvae that emerge before winter construct a hibernaculum in the second or third instar. Larvae feed on leaves in the spring and pupation occurs in the final larval feeding site.

Larvae of P. cerasana have been recorded feeding on plants in 15 families. This species is an occasional orchard pest.

Plant Associations

View full screen host table here

Links

Additional photos and a distribution map of this species in North America are available at Moth Photographers Group.